SOFTENING is a process of converting ‘Hard’ water to ‘Soft’ water.Hardness in water is mainly due to the presence of Calcium and Magnesium.These ions are referred to as the Hardness.
The harmful effects of the presence of Hardness are that when the water is heated, scales are deposited on the contact surface of the container which is difficult to remove. This will act as insulation preventing efficient heat transfer and damage the container due to over heating. There is a loss of fuel also.
Other harmful effects of the hardness are the consumption of soap / alkali used in washing, dyeing, and similar applications in textile industries. Heavy consumption of soap will be there without satisfactory washing in laundry use.
Earlier methods of removing / reducing the hardness is by cold lime soda process, hot lime soda process, Sodium Zeolite process using a material such as green sand and carbonaceous material.
But after the advent of the synthetic Ion Exchange Resin, the use of the other processes have become unknown.
In this process of Ion Exchange Resin, the Calcium and Magnesium ions are replaced by Sodium ions.
The Resins are synthetic material in spherical bead form porous in structure and adsorb the ions.
For the Softening process, Cation Resin is used and the resin is regenerated with Sodium Chloride (NaCl), generally termed as Common Salt.
When the Sodium chloride is passed through the resins, the sodium ion is adsorbed by the resin. This process is called the process of regeneration.
When the water containing the hardness is passed through this regenerated resin the resin adsorbs the Calcium and Magnesium ions in the water and gives out the Sodium ions which it had adsorbed during the regeneration process. Thus, the water will have ions of sodium in place of Calcium and Magnesium. The water thus becomes Soft.
We, at RK WATER, design and supply softeners of various capacities starting from a few liters/hr to several hundred cubic meters/hr.
We design and supply Softeners to your specific requirements.
